My Expressions

Recently, new research was conducted that tried to match the elementary education of India and China. The research was published by United Nations University’s World Institute for Development Economics and Research (UNI-WIDER) and was conducted by two students, Naveen Kumar and Vinitha Varghese.

About the new research

The study lists key lessons that India can learn from China as the latter shifted its focus from quantity to quality 20 years earlier than India.

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 came into impact in India in the year 2020. On the other hand, China adopted the New Curriculum Reform and it has been on the path to achieving the quality of compulsory schooling.

According to the new research by the UN University, NEP 2020 has the potential and elements to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of the Indian education system.

Education policies opted by India and China

During the 1950s, India and China had been on the same step according to their strategies for education. They used to specialise in Science.

China made a progress by 1960 by overcoming illiteracy, they worked on making everyone literate in their country. On the other hand, India continued its emphasis on larger education in Science and expertise. The country also introduced free education under the Right to Education in 2009.

As a result of this step, between 1961 to 1981, China’s literacy levels increased to 68% from 43% whereas India’s literacy rate reached 41% from 28%. Now, the gap between the literacy rates between China and India has narrowed. According to the World Bank, in 2018, India’s literacy rate was 74% while China’s literacy rate was 97%.

The UNU-WIDER research states that India has always been a step behind China. According to the research report, the difference between India and China is their strategy for education. In 1970, China made education obligatory for all. The enrolment for elementary education was confirmed in the 1990s and secondary faculty enrolment also increased in China. Whereas, in India, secondary faculty enrolment started after 2000.

India’ National Education Policy (NEP) 2020

Under the new education policy, the Chinese authority invested in modifying the curriculum, infrastructure and exam-oriented studying. According to the research, India’s race to increase infrastructure at the cost of efforts to improve teaching quality has widened the gap between India and China on quality and efficiency measures.

The research authors believe that India’s NEP 2020 has the potential to reform Indian Education policy. They can also improve teachers’ recruitment and training.

UNU-WIDER researchers have suggested that there should be a change in the way teachers are recruited and trained. Moreover, there should be steps to ensure that the standard test scores are free from data manipulation. That’s how India’s education system will become more efficient.

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