The bones of a Neanderthal family were found in a cave in the Altai Mountains of Siberia. Here are the Neanderthal genomes that are the most complete. About 50,000 years ago, both adults and children died at their hunting camp.

The Denisovans lived about 30,000 years after the Neanderthals. Researchers say that the size of the Neanderthal group might not work outside of the Altai Mountains of Siberia. They might have died from being alone.

The discovery dates back more than 50,000 years to when a group of adults and children perished while taking shelter at their hunting camp.

Key facts!

• A genomic examination of 50,000-year-old Siberian Neanderthal remains shows that they travelled in tiny family groups.
• A Siberian cave in the snowy Altai Mountains has yielded the first Neanderthal family bones.
• The family bones contain the remains of the teeth and bones.
• Archaeologists now have the most complete Neanderthal DNA.
• Over 50,000 years ago, a group of adults and children died while taking shelter at their hunting camp.
• Chagyrskaya Cave is around 100 kilometres west of Denisova Cave, which yielded Denisovan fossils a decade ago.
• Chagyrskaya Cave yielded 90,000 stone artefacts, bone tools, animal and plant fragments, and 74 Neanderthal fossils in 2019.
• Pollen and animal remnants show that Neanderthals lived in Chagyrskaya during a cold period.
• The current analysis verifies that Neanderthals lived in related groups of no more than 20 individuals.
• According to researchers, 11 Neanderthals found in Chagyrskaya Cave gave the first undisputed proof of Neanderthal familial ties.
• The DNA of an adult guy and an adolescent female suggested a “first-degree relationship.”

Watch a video

Youtube user “SciShow Kids” shares a brief history of Neanderthals with us.

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