The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) publishes the Human Development Index Report every year. This report ranks the countries of the world on the Human Development Index.

Important Details

• The Human Development Index is the measurement of a country’s health, education, and standards of living.
• As per the 2020 Human Development Report, India has dropped one spot this year. Its position is 131 out of a total of 189 countries.
• This year, Norway is at the top of the index, followed closely by Ireland and Switzerland.
• Among emerging Asian economies, Malaysia ranked 62, figuring in a category of countries with very high human development. Countries like Sri Lanka, Thailand, China, Indonesia, the Philippines and Vietnam are also considered to have high human development.
• India, Bhutan (129), Bangladesh (133), Nepal (142), and Pakistan (154) were ranked among countries with medium human development.
• India is falling behind on issues like quality of health and education as well as an unequal gender ratio. India also has a high percentage of people in vulnerable employment (jobs they have but can lose any time).
• However, it is not all bad news. India is doing reasonably well when it comes to a lower unemployment rate and a high number of women in elected local governments.

Human development

Who started the concept of human development?

The idea of human development was started by economists Mahbub al Haq and Amartya Sen. The main idea behind it is that it is people who are at the centre of an economy. Human beings are not just there to produce resources but they are the most important.

It has now become an important concept for development.

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